Costs, timing and process
How Surveillance Investigations Work
Surveillance is patient, planned work. Here's what happens before, during and after a surveillance day.
Key points
- Planning drives results
- Observation must be lawful
- Video and logs are the deliverable
Planning
Detectives review the subject's description, vehicles, addresses and likely schedule, scout the area, and plan positions and routes. Timing surveillance to known activity is the most efficient approach.
In the field
Detectives observe from public places or places they're lawfully present, documenting activity on time-stamped video. They follow when the subject moves, keeping enough distance to avoid detection.
One detective or two?
Busy cities, highways and alert subjects can make one-person surveillance difficult. A second detective improves continuity, at added cost.
Legal limits
No trespassing, no recording inside private spaces, no GPS on vehicles without lawful authority, and no audio recording in violation of state law.
After the session
You receive a report and video. Then you decide whether the question is answered or more sessions are needed.
Common questions
Can the subject spot surveillance?
It's possible, especially if they suspect it. Professionals minimize that risk.
Can detectives record audio?
Generally not conversations between others. Recording laws vary by state.
How many days does surveillance take?
It depends on the subject. Targeted days based on known patterns are most efficient.
This guide is general information, not legal advice. Laws change and vary by state; consult an attorney about your situation. See our legal disclaimer.
Related services
Services connected to this guide.
Surveillance Investigations
Professional observation that turns suspicion into documented fact.
Surveillance & EvidenceMobile Surveillance
Discreet vehicle and on-foot observation of a subject's movements.
Surveillance & EvidenceFixed Surveillance
Stationary observation of a location, entrance or residence over time.
Keep reading
Related guides.
How Much Does a Private Detective Cost?
What private detectives cost and why: hourly vs. flat fees, retainers, expenses, and how scope, location and urgency affect price.
Laws and limitsCan a Private Detective Track a Phone or Car?
When GPS tracking of a vehicle or phone is legal and when it isn't: ownership, consent, state laws and lawful alternatives like surveillance.
Costs, timing and processWhat's Included in an Investigative Report?
What a professional investigative report includes: objectives, methods, chronological findings, photos and video, sources, and what makes it usable in court.
Private detectives by city
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